For a manuscript to be accepted for publication, the author needs to meet the following criteria:

• Manuscripts submitted to JNL must be original, and substantial parts of the manuscript cannot be taken into  consideration by any other journal.

• Any publications that may overlap should be declared by authors at the time of submission. In case of overlap, cite the relevant publications.

An exception can be made if it is justified and clearly stated upon submission.

In the event of potential overlapping or redundant publications, JNL reserves the right to judge the situation independently.

Fabrication and plagiarism
Plagiarism refers to copying without acknowledgment or misattributing original ideas, text, or results as the work of another. Plagiarism is the theft or misappropriation of intellectual property and substantial uncredited copying of another's work, according to the Office of Research Integrity (ORI). The act of chopping and pasting large chunks of text without giving appropriate and unambiguous credit to the author is clearly plagiarism. Manuscripts like these will not be accepted for publication in JNL.

Fabrication is the creation of data, observations, and characterizations that did not occur when the data was gathered or the experiments were conducted.

When an author reuses substantial parts of their own published work without providing the appropriate references, it is considered a duplicate publication (or redundant publication). In this case, it could involve publishing the same paper in several journals or adding only minor changes to an older paper.

Editors at JNL evaluate each case individually. If plagiarism is discovered after publication, it may be edited, retracted, or otherwise removed from the original publication depending on how severe the plagiarism is, the context within the article, and whether it has an impact on the overall integrity of the publication.